Strategic Planning and Proactive Crisis Management Styles in South Jakarta's Five-Star Hotels: A Conceptual Analysis Based on Ghazi's Framework

Abstrak

The hospitality industry is inherently vulnerable to multidimensional crises, ranging from economic volatility and supply-chain disruption to sudden political instability. Although Ghazi's (2017) Strategic Planning-Crisis Management framework has established that strategic planning is associated with more proactive crisis management styles in five-star hotels, this framework has rarely been interpreted within Indonesian urban hospitality markets, and no study to date appears to have examined it in relation to South Jakarta specifically-a gap this paper addresses. This paper aims to examine, through a conceptual-contextual analysis, how Ghazi's framework can be interpreted within the setting of five-star hotels in South Jakarta. Drawing on secondary statistical data published by Indonesia's Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) covering the 2021-2024 period and relevant hospitality literature, the study interprets how strategic planning may be associated with more proactive crisis management styles and, in turn, with organizational resilience. The South Jakarta hotel market-characterized by a high concentration of star-rated properties, strong business-oriented demand, and a comparatively high human development profile-provides a relevant setting for contextualizing Ghazi's framework within an Indonesian urban hospitality context. The analysis indicates that, given the market's competitive intensity, hotels oriented toward Confrontation and Cooperation styles, rather than reactive Escape-oriented responses, appear conceptually better positioned to sustain organizational resilience under conditions of uncertainty, although this relationship still requires empirical testing in future research. Rather than extending Ghazi's original framework theoretically, this paper contributes primarily by applying it contextually to an Indonesian urban hospitality setting, offering practical implications for hotel managers, policymakers, and future researchers.